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This blog presents a packet capture (pcap) of malicious activity and asks questions based on information derived from the network traffic. A separate Unit 42 blog post will present the answers with detailed explanations. These quizzes are designed for security professionals who investigate suspicious network activity, but anyone can participate. To get the most benefit, readers should understand basic network traffic concepts and be somewhat familiar with [Wireshark](https://www.wireshark.org/). The material provides experience reviewing real-world traffic from a live environment. | **Related Unit 42 Topics** | [**AgentTesla**](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/AgentTesla/)**,** [**OriginLogger**](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/OriginLogger/)**,** [**pcap**](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/pcap/)**,** [**Wireshark**](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/Wireshark/)**,** [**Wireshark Tutorial**](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/wireshark-tutorial/) | |----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| ## Background Earlier this month, Palo Alto Networks Unit 42 tweeted about Agent Tesla-style activity from a possible OriginLogger infection that was found Thursday, Jan. 5, 2023. [The original tweet](https://twitter.com/Unit42_Intel/status/1611379660029366273) contains our initial analysis. You can also find further information on the [associated malware binary](https://forensicitguy.github.io/net-downloader-originlogger/). ![Image 1 is a flow chart showing the Agent Tesla variant infection, starting with malspam. It shows the circuitous route the loader.exe takes depending on the victim’s actions.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/word-image-126652-2.jpeg) Figure 1. Flow chart for the Agent Tesla variant infection. For this month's exercise, we generated a pcap of network traffic from this malware sample. Post-infection activity contains unencrypted SMTP traffic with data stolen from the infected computer. ## Requirements Our analysis requires [Wireshark](https://www.wireshark.org/), a well-known tool used to review pcaps. However, its default settings are not optimized for web-based malware traffic. Therefore, we encourage people to customize Wireshark after installing it. To help, Unit 42 has published [a series of tutorials and videos](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wireshark-workshop-videos/) that include customizing Wireshark. We recommend using the latest 3.x version of Wireshark, since it has more features, capabilities and bug fixes over previous Wireshark versions. Furthermore, we recommend using a non-Windows environment like BSD, Linux or macOS to analyze malicious traffic. The pcap for this quiz contains HTTP traffic of an obfuscated binary. If decoded, this binary becomes a malicious DLL file, as previously noted in the [indicators for this infection posted on Github](https://github.com/pan-unit42/tweets/blob/master/2023-01-05-IOCs-from-Agent-Tesla-variant-infection.txt). The decoded malware presents a risk of infection when using a Windows computer. ## Quiz Material To obtain the pcap for this month's quiz, visit our [Github repository](https://github.com/pan-unit42/Wireshark-quizzes/blob/main/2023-01-Unit42-Wireshark-quiz.pcap.zip). Download the ZIP archive and extract the pcap as shown below in Figures 2 and 3. Use ***infected*** as the password to unlock the ZIP archive. ![Figure 2. Download the ZIP archive containing the pcap from our Github repository.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/word-image-126652-3.jpeg) Figure 2. Download the ZIP archive containing the pcap from our Github repository. ![Arrows indicate where to enter the password in order to extract the pcap from the password-protected archive](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Jan-2023-Wireshark-Quiz-Figure-3.jpg) Figure 3. Extract the pcap file from the password-protected ZIP archive. ## Quiz Questions When did this activity first occur? Format your answer as Universal Coordinated Time (UTC). When sharing threat intelligence, UTC ensures recipients understand the exact time regardless of time zone. Can you identify the infected host? For a Windows computer, the basic identifiers are the following: * Victim's IP address * Victim's MAC address * Victim's Windows host name * Victim's WIndows user account name This month, our infected host is a stand-alone Windows client. In addition to Windows system traffic, the pcap also contains unencrypted SMTP traffic generated by the malware. This traffic contains additional information, so we can determine all four of the above identifiers. The SMTP traffic includes various login credentials from the infected host. Of note, this traffic does ***not*** contain legitimate credentials. We populated the host with fake login data before we ran the malware. Despite the fake data, this traffic provides a better understanding of data stolen by Agent Tesla variants like OriginLogger. Review the pcap and answer the following questions for this month's Unit 42 Wireshark quiz: * When did the malicious traffic start in UTC? * What is the victim's IP address? * What is the victim's MAC address? * What is the victim's Windows host name? * What is the victim's Windows user account name? * How much RAM does the victim's host have? * What type of CPU is used by the victim's host? * What is the public IP address of the victim's host? * What type of account login data was stolen by the malware? ## Conclusion Palo Alto Networks encourages members of the security community to develop their skills, so we can all better protect our digital way of life. This month's Wireshark quiz can help participants accomplish that goal. The answers to this month's Unit 42 Wireshark quiz are available in a separate blog post located [here](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/january-wireshark-quiz-answers/). Palo Alto Networks customers receive protections from Agent Tesla variants like OriginLogger through [Cortex XDR](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xdr) and our [Next-Generation Firewall](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/next-generation-firewall) with [cloud-delivered security services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/security-subscriptions) including [WildFire](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/wildfire) and [Advanced Threat Prevention](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-threat-prevention). If you think you may have been compromised or have an urgent matter, contact the [Unit 42 Incident Response team](https://start.paloaltonetworks.com/contact-unit42.html) or call: * North America Toll-Free: 866.486.4842 (866.4.UNIT42) * EMEA: +31.20.299.3130 * APAC: +65.6983.8730 * Japan: +81.50.1790.0200 ## Additional Resources [Wireshark Tutorial: Wireshark Workshop Videos Now Available](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wireshark-workshop-videos/) -- Unit 42, Palo Alto Networks *Updated Jan. 20, 2023, at 11:15 a.m. PT to correct Figure 3.* *Updated Jan. 23, 2023, at 7:38 a.m. PT to add link to quiz answers post.* Back to top ### Tags * [AgentTesla](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/agenttesla/ "AgentTesla") * [OriginLogger](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/originlogger/ "OriginLogger") * [Wireshark](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark/ "Wireshark") * [Wireshark Tutorial](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark-tutorial/ "Wireshark Tutorial") [Threat Research Center](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com "Threat Research") [Next: Chinese Playful Taurus Activity in Iran](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/playful-taurus/ "Chinese Playful Taurus Activity in Iran") ### Table of Contents * ### Related Articles * [Uncovering .NET Malware Obfuscated by Encryption and Virtualization](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/malware-obfuscation-techniques/ "article - table of contents") * [Wireshark Tutorial: Exporting Objects From a Pcap](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/using-wireshark-exporting-objects-from-a-pcap/ "article - table of contents") * [From DarkGate to AsyncRAT: Malware Detected and Shared As Unit 42 Timely Threat Intelligence](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-threat-intelligence-roundup/ "article - table of contents") ## Related Cybersecurity Tutorials Resources ![A Black man in business attire using a tablet, with illuminated skyscrapers in the background.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/01_Tutorial_Category_1920x900-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-podcast-player.svg)Learning Hub](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/learning-hub/) March 1, 2024 [#### Wireshark Tutorial: Exporting Objects From a Pcap](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/using-wireshark-exporting-objects-from-a-pcap/) * [Pcap](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/pcap/ "pcap") * [Wireshark](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark/ "Wireshark") * [Wireshark Tutorial](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark-tutorial/ "Wireshark Tutorial") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/using-wireshark-exporting-objects-from-a-pcap/ "Wireshark Tutorial: Exporting Objects From a Pcap") ![A man wearing headphones with a microphone is focused on multiple computer screens displaying graphs and data, indicating involvement in a professional tech or analytics environment.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/02_Tutorial_Category_1920x900-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-podcast-player.svg)Learning Hub](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/learning-hub/) October 10, 2023 [#### Wireshark Tutorial: Identifying Hosts and Users](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/using-wireshark-identifying-hosts-and-users/) * [Pcap](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/pcap/ "pcap") * [Wireshark](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark/ "Wireshark") * [Wireshark Tutorial](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark-tutorial/ "Wireshark Tutorial") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/using-wireshark-identifying-hosts-and-users/ "Wireshark Tutorial: Identifying Hosts and Users") ![An abstract illustration of a video that has been paused. It includes a red progress bar and a large white Play button.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/03_Tutorial_Category_1920x900-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-podcast-player.svg)Learning Hub](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/learning-hub/) September 8, 2023 [#### Wireshark Tutorial: Display Filter Expressions](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/using-wireshark-display-filter-expressions/) * [Pcap](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/pcap/ "pcap") * [Wireshark](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark/ "Wireshark") * [Wireshark Tutorial](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark-tutorial/ "Wireshark Tutorial") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/using-wireshark-display-filter-expressions/ "Wireshark Tutorial: Display Filter Expressions") ![A person focuses intently on a screen, with many lines of code on the monitor reflected in their glasses.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/04_Tutorial_Category_1920x900-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-podcast-player.svg)Learning Hub](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/learning-hub/) September 1, 2023 [#### RedLine Stealer: Answers to Unit 42 Wireshark Quiz](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wireshark-quiz-redline-stealer-answers/) * [Pcap](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/pcap/ "pcap") * [Wireshark Tutorial](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark-tutorial/ "Wireshark Tutorial") * [Redline infostealer](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/redline-infostealer/ "Redline infostealer") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wireshark-quiz-redline-stealer-answers/ "RedLine Stealer: Answers to Unit 42 Wireshark Quiz") ![A man wearing headphones with a microphone is focused on multiple computer screens displaying graphs and data, indicating involvement in a professional tech or analytics environment.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/02_Tutorial_Category_1920x900-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-podcast-player.svg)Learning Hub](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/learning-hub/) August 31, 2023 [#### Wireshark Tutorial: Changing Your Column Display](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-customizing-wireshark-changing-column-display/) * [Pcap](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/pcap/ "pcap") * [Wireshark](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark/ "Wireshark") * [Wireshark Tutorial](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark-tutorial/ "Wireshark Tutorial") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-customizing-wireshark-changing-column-display/ "Wireshark Tutorial: Changing Your Column Display") ![Person wearing glasses and a hoodie, sitting in a dimly lit room, focused on a computer screen displaying complex data visualizations.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/06_Tutorial_Category_1920x900-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-podcast-player.svg)Learning Hub](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/learning-hub/) August 18, 2023 [#### Crossing the Line: Unit 42 Wireshark Quiz for RedLine Stealer](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wireshark-quiz-redline-stealer/) * [Pcap](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/pcap/ "pcap") * [Redline infostealer](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/redline-infostealer/ "Redline infostealer") * [Wireshark Tutorial](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark-tutorial/ "Wireshark Tutorial") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wireshark-quiz-redline-stealer/ "Crossing the Line: Unit 42 Wireshark Quiz for RedLine Stealer") ![A man wearing headphones with a microphone is focused on multiple computer screens displaying graphs and data, indicating involvement in a professional tech or analytics environment.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/02_Tutorial_Category_1920x900-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-podcast-player.svg)Learning Hub](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/learning-hub/) May 30, 2023 [#### Cold as Ice: Answers to Unit 42 Wireshark Quiz for IcedID](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wireshark-quiz-icedid-answers/) * [Banking trojans](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/banking-trojans/ "banking trojans") * [Pcap](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/pcap/ "pcap") * [Wireshark](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark/ "Wireshark") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wireshark-quiz-icedid-answers/ "Cold as Ice: Answers to Unit 42 Wireshark Quiz for IcedID") ![A woman is intently working on a computer in a modern office environment, surrounded by screens displaying dynamic digital data and stock market numbers, highlighting a focus on financial analysis.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/04_Security-Technology_Category_1920x900-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-podcast-player.svg)Learning Hub](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/learning-hub/) May 26, 2023 [#### Cold as Ice: Unit 42 Wireshark Quiz for IcedID](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wireshark-quiz-icedid/) * [Banking trojans](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/banking-trojans/ "banking trojans") * [Pcap](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/pcap/ "pcap") * [Wireshark](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/wireshark/ "Wireshark") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wireshark-quiz-icedid/ "Cold as Ice: Unit 42 Wireshark Quiz for IcedID") ![Two people working in a modern office environment with one person concentrating on a computer screen displaying code while another person works in the background.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/10_Security-Technology_Category_1920x900-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/threat-actor-groups.svg)Threat Actor Groups](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-actor-groups/) May 15, 2023 [#### It's All in the Name: How Unit 42 Defines and Tracks Threat Adversaries](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/from-activity-to-formal-naming/) * [Advanced Persistent Threat](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/advanced-persistent-threat/ "Advanced Persistent Threat") * [Nomenclature](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/nomenclature/ "nomenclature") * [Threat actors](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/threat-actors/ "threat actors") [Read now ![Right 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