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[Vulnerabilities](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/vulnerabilities/ "Vulnerabilities") [Vulnerabilities](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/vulnerabilities/) # New Vulnerability in QNAP QTS Firmware: CVE-2023-50358 ![Clock Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-clock.svg) 5 min read Related Products [![Advanced Threat Prevention icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/strata_RGB_logo_Icon_Color.png)Advanced Threat Prevention](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/product-category/advanced-threat-prevention/ "Advanced Threat Prevention")[![Cloud-Delivered Security Services icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/strata_RGB_logo_Icon_Color.png)Cloud-Delivered Security Services](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/product-category/cloud-delivered-security-services/ "Cloud-Delivered Security Services")[![Cortex Xpanse 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Zhang](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/author/zhibin-zhang/) * ![Published Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-calendar-grey.svg) Published:February 13, 2024 * ![Tags Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-category.svg) Categories: * [Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) * [Vulnerabilities](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/vulnerabilities/) * ![Tags Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-tags-grey.svg) Tags: * [CVE-2023-50358](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cve-2023-50358/) * [IoT](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/iot/) * [IoT Vulnerability](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/iot-vulnerability/) * [QNAP Network Attached Storage](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/qnap-network-attached-storage/) * [![Download 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technical analysis on a zero-day vulnerability affecting QNAP Network Attached Storage (NAS) devices. Our Advanced Threat Prevention (ATP) and telemetry systems provided indicators of a previously unknown vulnerability in QNAP QTS and QuTS hero firmware. We provided our findings to the vendor, and QNAP has assigned the tracking ID CVE-2023-50358 to this new vulnerability. We also offer recommendations on how to defend against this newly-revealed threat. QNAP is an acronym for Quality Network Appliance Provider. This acronym is the name for a company that specializes in various products, including operating systems for NAS devices. One such operating system is the QNAP Turbo NAS System (QTS). This QTS code is often embedded in the firmware of QNAP NAS devices. Threat actors continuously probe for vulnerabilities in network-connected hosts like NAS devices. When threat actors discover a new vulnerability, they can be quick to exploit it. Unit 42 researchers at Palo Alto Networks constantly monitor our telemetry to reveal these types of attacks. QNAP has released a new [security advisory](https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-23-57), with acknowledgment to Palo Alto Networks, that provides guidance and recommended actions on the newly discovered vulnerability. We recommend any affected organizations follow QNAP's guidance to address this new threat by following the mitigation instructions or applying the associated firmware updates. Palo Alto Networks [Advanced Threat Prevention](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-threat-prevention) possesses the capability to detect exploitation of unknown vulnerabilities. This functionality is what helped us to discover this zero-day attack. Palo Alto Networks [Next-Generation Firewall](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/next-generation-firewall) customers are better protected through [Cloud-Delivered Security Service](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/security-subscriptions) subscriptions, including [Internet of Things (IoT) security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/smart-devices-smarter-iot-security?utm_source=google-jg-amer-cdss&utm_medium=paid_search&utm_term=palo%20alto%20networks%20iot%20security&utm_campaign=google-cdss-iot_security-amer-ca-awareness-en&utm_content=gs-19633824690-151442986731-646705931499&sfdcid=7014u000001hHCRAA2&gclid=EAIaIQobChMI1Lm26OmS_QIVQUNyCh1G3gKWEAAYASAAEgJ3KvD_BwE) and [Advanced Threat Prevention](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-threat-prevention), which can detect and block exploit traffic. [Cortex Xpanse](https://docs-cortex.paloaltonetworks.com/p/XPANSE) can also provide customer visibility into externally exposed QNAP devices. If you think you might have been compromised or have an urgent matter, contact the [Unit 42 Incident Response team](https://start.paloaltonetworks.com/contact-unit42.html). | **Related Unit 42 Topics** | [**IoT**](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/iot/), **[CVE-2023-50358](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cve-2023-50358/)** | |----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| ## **Vulnerability Overview** The command injection vulnerability exists in the quick.cgi component of QNAP QTS firmware, which can be accessed without authentication. While setting the HTTP request parameter todo=set\_timeinfo, the request handler in quick.cgi saves the value of the parameter SPECIFIC\_SERVER into a configuration file /tmp/quick/quick\_tmp.conf with the entry name NTP Address, as depicted in Figure 1. ![Image 1 is a screenshot of many lines of code. Outlined in red from top to bottom are the lines for Get user input, Saves user input to quick\_tmp.conf and the vulnerable function.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/word-image-132208-1.png) Figure 1. Quick.cgi writes user input into the configuration file. After writing the NTP server address, the component starts time synchronization using the ntpdate utility. The command-line execution is built by reading the NTP Address in quick\_tmp.conf, and this string is then executed using system(), as depicted in Figure 2. ![Image 2 is a screenshot of two windows of code. Highlighted in red is the code that reads the NTP address from tmp.conf. Highlighted in red is the line of code for the command execution function, displayed in a separate window. It executes through system().](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/word-image-132208-2.png) Figure 2. Quick.cgi command execution. Untrusted data from the SPECIFIC\_SERVER parameter is therefore used to build a command line to be executed in the shell resulting in arbitrary command execution, as depicted in Figure 3. ![Image 3 is a screenshot of the proof of command-line execution. Some of the information has been redacted.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/word-image-132208-3.png) Figure 3. Proof of command-line execution. ## **Impact of CVE-2023-50358** Figure 4 represents Xpanse data on vulnerable NAS devices detected from our telemetry during a 1 week period in mid-January 2024. In this timespan, we detected vulnerable devices from 289,665 separate IP addresses. Figure 4 shows a global heat map of the countries most affected by this vulnerability, and it lists the top 18 nations these IP addresses are registered to. ![Image 4 is a heat map from Cortex Xpanse of the observed countries affected by the vulnerability. The affected countries are listed on the right, the top five being Germany, the United States, China, Italy and Japan.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/word-image-132208-4.png) Figure 4. Global heatmap and list showing the countries most affected by this vulnerability. ## **Conclusion** The disclosure timeline is as follows: * On Nov. 7, 2023, Unit 42 researchers were alerted of suspicious attack traffic targeted at QNAP devices by the Advanced Threat Prevention platform. Further analysis revealed a new vulnerability related to (but not directly exploited by) the observed traffic. * A detailed vulnerability analysis was provided to the vendor on Nov. 21, 2023. * The vendor confirmed the vulnerability on Dec. 19, 2023. * Vendor has [released a security advisory](https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-23-57) that provides guidance and recommendations. These remote code execution vulnerabilities affecting IoT devices exhibit a combination of low attack complexity and critical impact, making them an irresistible target for threat actors. As a result, protecting IoT devices against such threats is an urgent task. To mitigate the vulnerability, QNAP recommends updating to the latest version of QTS or QuTScloud hero (e.g., QTS 5.1.5 or QuTS hero h5.1.5). If updating the operating system to the latest version is not an option, users can perform the following actions to mitigate the vulnerability. * Test the following URL in your browser: * https://\:\/cgi-bin/quick/quick.cgi * If you get the following response (HTTP 404 error), your system is not vulnerable: * "Page not found or the web server is currently unavailable. Please contact the website administrator for help." * If you get an empty page (HTTP 200), continue to the next step. * Update your operating system to one of the following versions or later: * QTS 5.0.0.1986 build 20220324 or later * QTS 4.5.4.2012 build 20220419 or later * QuTS h5.0.0.1986 build 20220324 or later * QuTS h4.5.4.1991 build 20220330 or later * Test the above URL again in your browser. * If you get the following response (HTTP 404 error), your system is now free from the vulnerability: * "Page not found or the web server is currently unavailable. Please contact the website administrator for help." * If you get an empty page (HTTP 200), please contact QNAP technical support for assistance. ## **Palo Alto Networks Protections** Palo Alto Networks customers are better protected against the vulnerabilities and malware discussed in this article through the following products and services: * [Next-Generation Firewall](https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/ngfw) with a Threat Prevention or Advanced Threat Prevention security subscription can block attacks with Best Practices via Threat Prevention signature [94969](https://threatvault.paloaltonetworks.com/?query=94969). * [Advanced Threat Prevention](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-threat-prevention) has a built-in machine learning-based security detection that can detect exploit traffic inline and in real time. * The Palo Alto Networks IoT security platform can leverage network traffic information to identify the vendor, model and firmware version of a device and identify specific devices that are affected by this vulnerability. * In addition, [IoT Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/iot-security) has an inbuilt machine learning-based anomaly detection that can alert the customer if a device exhibits nontypical behavior, such as the following: * The sudden appearance of traffic from a new source * An unusually high number of connections * An inexplicable surge of certain attributes typically appearing in IoT application payloads * [Cortex Xpanse](https://docs-cortex.paloaltonetworks.com/p/XPANSE) can detect QNAP NAS devices exposed to the external internet to give defenders an inventory of all potentially vulnerable devices. If you think you might have been compromised or have an urgent matter, contact the [Unit 42 Incident Response team](https://start.paloaltonetworks.com/contact-unit42.html) or call: * North America Toll-Free: 866.486.4842 (866.4.UNIT42) * EMEA: +31.20.299.3130 * APAC: +65.6983.8730 * Japan: +81.50.1790.0200 Palo Alto Networks has shared our findings with our fellow Cyber Threat Alliance (CTA) members. CTA members use this intelligence to rapidly deploy protections to their customers and to systematically disrupt malicious cyber actors. Learn more about the [Cyber Threat Alliance](https://www.cyberthreatalliance.org/). Back to top ### Tags * [CVE-2023-50358](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cve-2023-50358/ "CVE-2023-50358") * [IoT](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/iot/ "IoT") * [IoT Vulnerability](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/iot-vulnerability/ "IoT Vulnerability") * [QNAP Network Attached Storage](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/qnap-network-attached-storage/ "QNAP Network Attached Storage") [Threat Research Center](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com "Threat Research") [Next: Diving Into Glupteba's UEFI Bootkit](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/glupteba-malware-uefi-bootkit/ "Diving Into Glupteba's UEFI Bootkit") ### Table of Contents * ### Related Articles * [Understanding the Russian Cyberthreat to the 2026 Winter Olympics](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/russian-cyberthreat-2026-winter-olympics/ "article - table of contents") * [TOTOLINK X6000R: Three New Vulnerabilities Uncovered](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/totolink-x6000r-vulnerabilities/ "article - table of contents") * [FrostyGoop's Zoom-In: A Closer Look into the Malware Artifacts, Behaviors and Network Communications](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/frostygoop-malware-analysis/ "article - table of contents") ## Related Vulnerabilities Resources ![Pictorial representation of a group of people interacting with a dynamic 3D holographic display of colorful, undulating data waves on a table.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/11_Myth-Busting_Overview_1920x900-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/Insights-icon-white.svg)Insights](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/insights/) August 4, 2026 [#### The Frontier AI Vulnerability Burst: Industrializing Autonomous Zero-Day Discovery in Open-Source Software](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/frontier-ai-vulnerability-burst/) * [AI](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/ai/ "AI") * [Frontier AI](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/frontier-ai/ "Frontier AI") * [Vulnerability Exploitation](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/vulnerability-exploitation/ "Vulnerability Exploitation") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/frontier-ai-vulnerability-burst/ "The Frontier AI Vulnerability Burst: Industrializing Autonomous Zero-Day Discovery in Open-Source Software") ![Pictorial representation of AI-enabled autonomous cyberattacks. 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Digital illustration of a map of North America with interconnected glowing lines and dots symbolizing network connections across the continent.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/06_Vulnerabilities_1920x900-3-1-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/top-threats.svg)High Profile Threats](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/top-cyberthreats/) May 6, 2026 [#### Threat Brief: Exploitation of PAN-OS Captive Portal Zero-Day for Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/captive-portal-zero-day/) * [CVE-2026-0300](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cve-2026-0300/ "CVE-2026-0300") * [EarthWorm](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/earthworm/ "EarthWorm") * [PAN-OS](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/pan-os/ "PAN-OS") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/captive-portal-zero-day/ "Threat Brief: Exploitation of PAN-OS Captive Portal Zero-Day for Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution") ![Pictorial representation of a severe Linux vulnerability. Close-up of a woman wearing glasses and focusing intently on a computer screen.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/05_Vulnerabilities_1920x900-2-1-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/top-threats.svg)High Profile Threats](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/top-cyberthreats/) May 5, 2026 [#### Copy Fail: What You Need to Know About the Most Severe Linux Threat in Years](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/cve-2026-31431-copy-fail/) * [Containers](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/containers/ "Containers") * [CVE-2026-31431](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cve-2026-31431/ "CVE-2026-31431") * [Kubernetes](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/kubernetes/ "Kubernetes") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/cve-2026-31431-copy-fail/ "Copy Fail: What You Need to Know About the Most Severe Linux Threat in Years") ![Pictorial representation of CVE-2023-33538. Abstract image of a glowing red Wi-Fi symbol on a circuit board, with intricate patterns and a futuristic appearance.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/04_Vulnerabilities_1920x900-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) April 16, 2026 [#### A Deep Dive Into Attempted Exploitation of CVE-2023-33538](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/exploitation-of-cve-2023-33538/) * [Botnet](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/botnet/ "botnet") * [Command injection](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/command-injection/ "Command injection") * [CVE-2023-33538](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cve-2023-33538/ "CVE-2023-33538") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/exploitation-of-cve-2023-33538/ "A Deep Dive Into Attempted Exploitation of CVE-2023-33538") ![Pictorial representation of BeyondTrust vulnerability CVE-2026-1731. Digital art depicting a stylized mountain range with vibrant blue and red hues. The peaks are accentuated by glowing particles and an abstract, starry backdrop, creating a futuristic landscape.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/14_Overview_1920x900-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/top-threats.svg)High Profile Threats](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/top-cyberthreats/) February 19, 2026 [#### VShell and SparkRAT Observed in Exploitation of BeyondTrust Critical Vulnerability (CVE-2026-1731)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/beyondtrust-cve-2026-1731/) * [Bash](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/bash/ "bash") * [CVE-2026-1731](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cve-2026-1731/ "CVE-2026-1731") * [PowerShell](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/powershell/ "PowerShell") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/beyondtrust-cve-2026-1731/ "VShell and SparkRAT Observed in Exploitation of BeyondTrust Critical Vulnerability (CVE-2026-1731)") ![](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/AdobeStock_1020436911-786x440.jpeg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/top-threats.svg)High Profile Threats](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/top-cyberthreats/) February 17, 2026 [#### Critical Vulnerabilities in Ivanti EPMM Exploited](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ivanti-cve-2026-1281-cve-2026-1340/) * [CVE-2026-1281](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cve-2026-1281/ "CVE-2026-1281") * [CVE-2026-1340](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cve-2026-1340/ "CVE-2026-1340") * [Ivanti](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/ivanti/ "Ivanti") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ivanti-cve-2026-1281-cve-2026-1340/ "Critical Vulnerabilities in Ivanti EPMM Exploited") ![Pictorial representation of CVE-2025-0921. Digital illustration of a map of North America with interconnected glowing lines and dots symbolizing network connections across the continent.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/06_Vulnerabilities_1920x900-2-1-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) January 30, 2026 [#### Privileged File System Vulnerability Present in a SCADA System](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/iconics-suite-cve-2025-0921/) * [CVE-2025-0921](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cve-2025-0921/ "CVE-2025-0921") * [Privilege escalation](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/privilege-escalation/ "privilege escalation") * [SCADA](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/scada/ "SCADA") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/iconics-suite-cve-2025-0921/ "Privileged File System Vulnerability Present in a SCADA System") * ![Slider arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/slider-arrow-left.svg) * ![Slider arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/slider-arrow-left.svg) ![Close button](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/close-modal.svg) ![Enlarged Image]() ![Newsletter](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/unit42-footer-subscribe-desktop.png) ![UNIT 42 Small Logo](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/palo-alto-logo-small.svg) Get updates from Unit 42 ## Peace of mind comes from staying ahead of threats. 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