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# The Threat Intelligence Research That Mattered to You This Year

![Clock Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-clock.svg) 2 min read

* ![Profile Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-profile-grey.svg)  
  By:
  
  * [Anna Lough](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/author/anna-lough/)

* ![Published Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-calendar-grey.svg)  
  Published:December 30, 2015

* ![Tags Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-category.svg)  
  Categories:
  
  * [Malware](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/malware/)
  * [Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/)

* ![Tags Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-tags-grey.svg)  
  Tags:
  
  * [Android](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/android/)
  * [Android Installer Hijacking](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/android-installer-hijacking/)
  * [Apple](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/apple/)
  * [BackStab](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/backstab/)
  * [IOS](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/ios/)
  * [KeyRaider](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/keyraider/)
  * [Lotus Blossom](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/lotus-blossom/)
  * [OS](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/os/)
  * [XcodeGhost](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/xcodeghost/)
  * [YiSpecter](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/yispecter/)

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[Unit 42](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/) did some incredible work in 2015 discovering, analyzing and disclosing malware -- some new and others making a reappearance. Take a look below at some of their top threat intelligence research from this past year:

### XcodeGhost

Unit 42 [analyzed XcodeGhost](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/09/novel-malware-xcodeghost-modifies-xcode-infects-apple-ios-apps-and-hits-app-store/), which modifies Xcode and infects Apple iOS Apps, [and its behavior](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/09/more-details-on-the-xcodeghost-malware-and-affected-ios-apps/). The team found that [many popular iOS apps were infected, including WeChat](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/09/malware-xcodeghost-infects-39-ios-apps-including-wechat-affecting-hundreds-of-millions-of-users/), one of the most popular messaging applications in the world, and that the [XcodeGhost attacker can phish passwords and open URLs](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/09/update-xcodeghost-attacker-can-phish-passwords-and-open-urls-though-infected-apps/)through these infected apps.

### KeyRaider

In cooperation with WeipTech, [Unit 42 identified samples of a new iOS malware family in the wild which they named KeyRaider](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/08/keyraider-ios-malware-steals-over-225000-apple-accounts-to-create-free-app-utopia/). This is believed to be the largest known Apple account theft caused by malware, stealing over 225,000 valid Apple accounts and thousands of certificates, private keys, and purchasing receipts. Unit 42 also detailed [how to keep yourself safe](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/09/keyraider-ios-malware-how-to-keep-yourself-safe/) from KeyRaider.

### YiSpecter

Unit 42 identified a new Apple iOS malware, [dubbed YiSpecter](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/10/yispecter-first-ios-malware-attacks-non-jailbroken-ios-devices-by-abusing-private-apis/). YiSpecter is different from previously seen iOS malware in that it attacks both jailbroken and non-jailbroken iOS devices through unique and harmful malicious behaviors. Specifically, it was the first malware seen in the wild that abuses private APIs in the iOS system to implement malicious functionalities.

### Android Installer Hijacking

Unit 42 discovered a widespread vulnerability in Google's Android OS they called "[Android Installer Hijacking](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/03/android-installer-hijacking-vulnerability-could-expose-android-users-to-malware/)," estimated to impact 49.5 percent of all current Android users, which allows an attacker to modify or replace a seemingly benign Android app with malware, without user knowledge, only affecting applications downloaded from third-party app stores.

### Operation Lotus Blossom

Unit 42 published [new research identifying a persistent cyber espionage campaign targeting government and military organizations in Southeast Asia](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/06/operation-lotus-blossom/) by adversary group they named "Lotus Blossom." The campaign has been in operation for some time; Unit 42 identified over 50 different attacks taking place over the past three years. Recently, Unit 42 found that a targeted attack directed at an individual working for the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs was [linked to Operation Lotus Blossom](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/12/attack-on-french-diplomat-linked-to-operation-lotus-blossom/).

### BackStab

Unit 42 found[the new "BackStab" attack](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/12/backstab-mobile-backup-data-under-attack-from-malware/), used to steal private information from mobile device backup files stored on a victim's computer.

### Read more Unit 42 research

* [CryptoWall 3.0, Dyre and I2P](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/02/analysis-cryptowall-3-0-dyre-i2p/)
* [Musical Chairs and Piano Gh0st](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/09/musical-chairs-multi-year-campaign-involving-new-variant-of-gh0st-malware/)
* [The return of Dridex](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/10/dridex-is-back-and-targeting-the-uk/)
* [KeyBase Keylogger malware family](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/06/keybase-keylogger-malware-family-exposed/)
* [Dark Seoul](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/11/tdrop2-attacks-suggest-dark-seoul-attackers-return/)
* [Bookworm Trojan](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/11/bookworm-trojan-a-model-of-modular-architecture/)
* [FindPOS malware family](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/03/findpos-new-pos-malware-family-discovered/)
* [iOS Trojan TinyV](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/12/ios-trojan-tinyv-attacks-jailbroken-devices/)

### Learn more about Unit 42

* [Meet the researchers](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/threat-research/team.html)
* [Follow @Unit42\_Intel on Twitter](https://twitter.com/unit42_intel)
* [Read highlights from the recent Unit 42 #PANWchat on the 2016 Threat Landscape](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2015/12/panwchat-wrap-up-the-2016-threat-landscape/)
* [Check out the Unit 42 FAQ](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/threat-research/faq.html)

Back to top

### Tags

* [Android](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/android/ "Android")
* [Android Installer Hijacking](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/android-installer-hijacking/ "Android Installer Hijacking")
* [Apple](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/apple/ "Apple")
* [BackStab](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/backstab/ "BackStab")
* [IOS](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/ios/ "iOS")
* [KeyRaider](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/keyraider/ "KeyRaider")
* [Lotus Blossom](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/lotus-blossom/ "Lotus Blossom")
* [OS](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/os/ "OS")
* [XcodeGhost](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/xcodeghost/ "XcodeGhost")
* [YiSpecter](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/yispecter/ "YiSpecter")  
  [Threat Research Center](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com "Threat Research") [Next: Using IDAPython to Make Your Life Easier: Part 1](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/using-idapython-to-make-your-life-easier-part-1/ "Using IDAPython to Make Your Life Easier: Part 1")

### Related Articles

* [Remote Code Execution With Modern AI/ML Formats and Libraries](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/rce-vulnerabilities-in-ai-python-libraries/ "article - table of contents")
* [LANDFALL: New Commercial-Grade Android Spyware in Exploit Chain Targeting Samsung Devices](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/landfall-is-new-commercial-grade-android-spyware/ "article - table of contents")
* [Beware of BadPack: One Weird Trick Being Used Against Android Devices](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/apk-badpack-malware-tampered-headers/ "article - table of contents")

## Related Malware Resources

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* [Unit 42](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/unit-42/ "Unit 42")  
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  ![Pictorial representation of post-exploitation identity misuse in SPIFFE/SPIRE. Close-up of a person wearing glasses, with computer code reflected in the lenses.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/12_Security-Technology_Category_1920x900-786x368.jpg)  
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* [API](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/api/ "API")

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* [JSON](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/json/ "JSON")  
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  ![Pictorial representation of a pay-per-install threat group campaign prodiving infection service for spreading malware. A close-up of a computer circuit board with a central microchip is depicted. Red digital data streams in the form of glowing binary numbers and arrows appear to flow in and out of the chip, symbolizing data processing and transfer. The scene is illuminated with a futuristic blue and red glow.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/04_Malware_Category_1920x900-6-786x368.jpg)  
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* [ARKTunnel](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/arktunnel/ "ARKTunnel")

* [C2](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/c2/ "C2")

* [CL-CRI-1171](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cl-cri-1171/ "CL-CRI-1171")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ppi-network-malware-campaign-analysis/ "Untracked Nightmares: The Threats Hiding Behind Commodity Infrastructure")  
  ![Pictorial representation of attackers using AI tools to target Latin American organizations. A vibrant cityscape with silhouettes of numerous people walking along a bustling street. The scene is illuminated by bright urban lights and digital-like particles, creating a dynamic and futuristic atmosphere.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/AdobeStock_768915868-2-1-786x373.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) September 3, 2026 [#### Attackers Expose Ongoing AI Tool Use Targeting Organizations in Latin America](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-tool-use-targeting-latam-orgs/)

* [Agentic AI](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/agentic-ai/ "Agentic AI")

* [ChatGPT](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/chatgpt/ "ChatGPT")

* [CL-CRI-1131](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cl-cri-1131/ "CL-CRI-1131")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-tool-use-targeting-latam-orgs/ "Attackers Expose Ongoing AI Tool Use Targeting Organizations in Latin America")  
  ![Pictorial representation of vishing campaigns in Microsoft Teams. A digital image of a skull formed by blue binary code on a black background, with scattered ones and zeros and digital noise, symbolizes how stealthy prompt injection attacks can exploit AI logic to bypass security controls.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/01_Malware_Category_1920x900-5-786x368.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) August 31, 2026 [#### Spring Ring: An Inside Look at Voice Phishing Campaigns in Microsoft Teams](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/spring-ring-voice-phishing-campaigns/)

* [Cloaked Ursa](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cloaked-ursa/ "Cloaked Ursa")

* [Entra ID](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/entra-id/ "Entra ID")

* [Microsoft Teams](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/microsoft-teams/ "Microsoft Teams")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/spring-ring-voice-phishing-campaigns/ "Spring Ring: An Inside Look at Voice Phishing Campaigns in Microsoft Teams")  
  ![Pictorial representation of AI-enabled malware. A vibrant digital interface displaying various icons and graphs, resembling a futuristic network or data analysis dashboard. The scene is illuminated with glowing lights and patterns.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/AdobeStock_1270203474-2-1-786x368.png)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) August 25, 2026 [#### The State of AI-Enabled Malware August 2026: From Brand Abuse to Agentic Execution](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-enabled-malware-analysis/)

* [Backdoor](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/backdoor/ "backdoor")

* [Bitcoin](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/bitcoin/ "Bitcoin")

* [DLL hijacking](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/dll-hijacking/ "DLL hijacking")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-enabled-malware-analysis/ "The State of AI-Enabled Malware August 2026: From Brand Abuse to Agentic Execution")  
  ![Pictorial representation of identity abuse through trusted communication channels. Close-up view of a digital screen displaying a glitched and pixelated image of a skull-like shape.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/02_Malware_Category_1920x900-2-786x368.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) August 20, 2026 [#### Identity Abuse Through Trusted Communication Channels](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/communication-channel-identity-risks/)

* [Authentication](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/authentication/ "authentication")

* [Identity theft](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/identity-theft/ "identity theft")

* [Malware](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/malware/ "malware")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/communication-channel-identity-risks/ "Identity Abuse Through Trusted Communication Channels")  
  ![Pictorial representation of Kimwolf botnet malware family. Digital screen with a warning sign reading "Malware." The background features lines of computer code and graphics, creating a sense of cybersecurity threat.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/07_Malware_Category_1920x900-3-786x368.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) August 11, 2026 [#### Kimwolf v7: An Evolution of the Kimwolf Botnet](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/kimwolf-v7-botnet-malware/)

* [Android APK](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/android-apk/ "Android APK")

* [Ethereum](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/ethereum/ "Ethereum")

* [HTTP](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/http/ "HTTP")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/kimwolf-v7-botnet-malware/ "Kimwolf v7: An Evolution of the Kimwolf Botnet")  
  ![Pictorial representatiom pf Aeternum's blockchain C2. A close-up of a computer circuit board with a central microchip is depicted. Red digital data streams in the form of glowing binary numbers and arrows appear to flow in and out of the chip. The scene is illuminated with a futuristic blue and red glow.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/04_Malware_Category_1920x900-4-786x368.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) August 10, 2026 [#### The Permanent Threat: Analyzing Aeternum's Blockchain-Based C2 Operations and Communications](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/aeternum-blockchain-c2-analysis/)

* [Aeternum](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/aeternum/ "Aeternum")

* [Infection chain](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/infection-chain/ "infection chain")

* [JSON](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/json/ "JSON")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/aeternum-blockchain-c2-analysis/ "The Permanent Threat: Analyzing Aeternum’s Blockchain-Based C2 Operations and Communications")  
  ![Pictorial representation of ChainDrop, a self-propagating npm worm. An artistic depiction of a digital workspace featuring an open laptop with a red virus on the screen.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/03_Malware_Category_1920x900-7-786x368.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/top-threats.svg)High Profile Threats](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/top-cyberthreats/) August 6, 2026 [#### ChainDrop: Inside a Self-Propagating npm Worm](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/chaindrop-npm-worm-analysis/)

* [Blockchain](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/blockchain/ "blockchain")

* [ChainDrop](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/chaindrop/ "ChainDrop")

* [Claude code](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/claude-code/ "Claude code")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/chaindrop-npm-worm-analysis/ "ChainDrop: Inside a Self-Propagating npm Worm")

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