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# Unit 42 Cloud Security Trends and Tips

![Clock Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-clock.svg) 2 min read

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  By:
  
  * [Unit 42](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/author/unit42/)

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  Published:December 11, 2018

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  * [Cloud Cybersecurity Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/cloud-cybersecurity-research/)
  * [Trend Reports](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/trend-reports/)

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  Tags:
  
  * [Apache](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/apache/)
  * [Cloud Security](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cloud-security/)
  * [Compliance](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/compliance/)
  * [Containers](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/containers/)
  * [Cryptocurrency mining](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cryptocurrency-mining/)

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  The benefits for enterprises moving to the cloud are clear: greater flexibility, agility, scalability and cost savings. However, adopting public cloud infrastructure can also magnify security risks and compliance challenges. Today, we released the latest report from Unit 42, "Cloud Security Trends and Tips: Key Learning to Secure Your AWS, Azure and Google Cloud Environments." In this report, Unit 42 looked at new and existing threats to cloud security from late-May through early-September 2018 and analyzed how enterprises are faring as they attempt to balance risk with efficiency.

Among other findings, the report shows:

* **Account compromises are increasing in scale and velocity:** Unit 42 research reveals 29% of organizations have potential account compromises, 27% allow root user activities, and 41% of access keys have not been rotated in the last 90 days. [Credential compromises are becoming more commonplace](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/research/unit-42-credential-based-attacks), and organizations clearly need to enforce strong governance and access hygiene. Enterprises must operate under the assumption that account compromises are a possibility, and implement monitoring to detect and rapidly respond to suspicious user activities.

* \*\*Compliance is a work in progress:\*\*The numbers are undeniable: 32% of organizations publicly exposed at least one cloud storage service, 49% of databases are not encrypted, and 32% of GDPR compliance checks fail---a significant concern in today's global operating environment. It's long been known that risky resource configurations lead to high-profile breaches. There are signs of better protection of cloud storage services, but with the rise of sweeping regulations such as GDPR in Europe and California Consumer Privacy Act, many organizations still have much work to do before they achieve comprehensive compliance and governance across public cloud environments.

* **Cryptojacking may be cooling:** Unit 42 found that 11% of organizations experienced cryptojacking activity in their environments---a serious problem, but better than the 25% reported in May. More than a quarter (26%) don't restrict outbound traffic at all, and 28% of databases receive inbound connections from the internet. It appears that the diminishing value of cryptocurrencies, along with better detection capabilities, is helping decrease cryptojacking attacks. This represents an opportunity to implement greater countermeasures *before* the next wave of attacks.

* **A bright note in vulnerability management:** Just as Spectre and Meltdown caused major business disruption earlier this year, the latest vulnerability affecting Intel processors (L1 Terminal Fault) and the [remote code execution (RCE) flaw in Apache Struts 2](https://blog.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/08/unit42-threat-brief-information-on-critical-apache-struts-vulnerability-cve-2018-11776/) are generating headaches now: 23% of organizations have hosts missing critical patches in the cloud. Cloud service providers (CSPs) provide a first line of defense by updating their infrastructures and services, but [customers have a role to play](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/cloud-security-is-a-shared-responsibility) in identifying and patching vulnerable hosts---and that can't be done with standalone vulnerability scanning tools that were not designed for cloud architectures.

* **Containing the container model:** There's no question that container adoption is booming: one in three organizations use native or managed Kubernetes orchestration, and a quarter leverage managed services in the cloud such as Amazon Elastic Container Service for Kubernetes (EKS), Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE), and Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS). Such platforms make it easy for developers to deploy, manage and scale containerized applications. The Unit 42 report finds that 46% of organizations accept traffic to Kubernetes pods from any source, and 15% don't use Identity and Access Management (IAM) policies to control access to Kubernetes instances. Organizations need to apply [network policies that isolate the pods and enforce access control](https://www.securityroundtable.org/zero-trust-approach-can-make-cloud-secure/).

[Download](https://start.paloaltonetworks.com/5-key-cloud-security-trends) "Cloud Security Trends and Tips: Key Learning to Secure Your AWS, Azure and Google Cloud Environments" for more security trends and actionable recommendations to protect your cloud environment.
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### Tags

* [Apache](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/apache/ "Apache")
* [Cloud Security](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cloud-security/ "Cloud Security")
* [Compliance](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/compliance/ "compliance")
* [Containers](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/containers/ "Containers")
* [Cryptocurrency mining](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cryptocurrency-mining/ "Cryptocurrency mining")  
  [Threat Research Center](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com "Threat Research") [Next: Demystifying Kubernetes CVE-2018-1002105 (and a dead simple exploit)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/demystifying-kubernetes-cve-2018-1002105-dead-simple-exploit/ "Demystifying Kubernetes CVE-2018-1002105 (and a dead simple exploit)")

### Related Articles

* [Copy Fail: What You Need to Know About the Most Severe Linux Threat in Years](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/cve-2026-31431-copy-fail/ "article - table of contents")
* [Essential Data Sources for Detection Beyond the Endpoint](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/detection-beyond-the-endpoint/ "article - table of contents")
* [Understanding Current Threats to Kubernetes Environments](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/modern-kubernetes-threats/ "article - table of contents")

## Related Cloud Cybersecurity Research Resources

![Pictorial representation of bucket hijacking technique for cloud data exfiltration. Digital illustration of Europe map highlighting network connections and nodes, depicted as glowing points and lines on a dark blue background, emphasizing major cities and connectivity across the continent.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/09_Cloud_cybersecurity_research_Overview_1920x900-786x368.jpg)  
[![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) June 22, 2026 [#### The Global Namespace Risk: Universal Bucket Hijacking Technique for Cloud Data Exfiltration](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/cloud-bucket-hijacking-risks/)

* [AWS](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/aws/ "AWS")

* [Bucket hijacking](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/bucket-hijacking/ "bucket hijacking")

* [Cloud data exfiltration](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cloud-data-exfiltration/ "cloud data exfiltration")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/cloud-bucket-hijacking-risks/ "The Global Namespace Risk: Universal Bucket Hijacking Technique for Cloud Data Exfiltration")  
  ![Pictorial representation of Vertex AI model uploads. Close-up view of a digital wall displaying various glowing icons, representing a high-tech network interface.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/AdobeStock_1270203474-1-786x354.png)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) June 16, 2026 [#### Pickle in the Middle -- Hijacking Vertex AI Model Uploads for Cross-Tenant RCE](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/hijacking-vertex-ai-model/)

* [Bucket squatting](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/bucket-squatting/ "bucket squatting")

* [Google Cloud](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/google-cloud/ "Google Cloud")

* [Joblib](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/joblib/ "joblib")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/hijacking-vertex-ai-model/ "Pickle in the Middle – Hijacking Vertex AI Model Uploads for Cross-Tenant RCE")  
  ![Pictorial representation of Cloud Logging services for defense evasion. A vibrant digital illustration depicting a glowing, neon blue cloud symbol positioned over a circuit board landscape. The cloud symbolizes cloud computing technology, and the landscape features intricate electronic circuits with glowing lines and nodes, suggesting high-tech data transfer and connectivity.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/11_Cloud_cybersecurity_research_Overview_1920x900-786x368.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) June 9, 2026 [#### Blinding the Watchmen: Abusing Cloud Logging Services for Defense Evasion and Visibility](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/cloud-logging-defense-evasion/)

* [AWS CloudTrail](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/aws-cloudtrail/ "AWS CloudTrail")

* [Cloud logging](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cloud-logging/ "cloud logging")

* [Defense evasion](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/defense-evasion/ "defense evasion")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/cloud-logging-defense-evasion/ "Blinding the Watchmen: Abusing Cloud Logging Services for Defense Evasion and Visibility")  
  ![Pictorial representation of ROADtools framework in the cloud. An Asian man wearing glasses sits in front of a computer screen. Reflecting in the glasses are lines indicating analysis. Bright blue city lights illuminate the rest of the image.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/10_Cloud_cybersecurity_research_Overview_1920x900-1-786x368.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) May 22, 2026 [#### Paved With Intent: ROADtools and Nation-State Tactics in the Cloud](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/roadtools-cloud-attacks/)

* [Curious Serpens](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/curious-serpens/ "Curious Serpens")

* [Entra ID](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/entra-id/ "Entra ID")

* [Microsoft Azure](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/microsoft-azure/ "Microsoft Azure")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/roadtools-cloud-attacks/ "Paved With Intent: ROADtools and Nation-State Tactics in the Cloud")  
  ![Pictorial representation of autonomous AI attack in cloud environments. Digital illustration of a glowing blue brain connected to a network of lines and lights.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/12_Cloud_cybersecurity_research_Overview_1920x900-786x368.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) April 23, 2026 [#### Can AI Attack the Cloud? Lessons From Building an Autonomous Cloud Offensive Multi-Agent System](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/autonomous-ai-cloud-attacks/)

* [AI](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/ai/ "AI")

* [Cloud](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cloud/ "Cloud")

* [Data exfiltration](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/data-exfiltration/ "data exfiltration")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/autonomous-ai-cloud-attacks/ "Can AI Attack the Cloud? Lessons From Building an Autonomous Cloud Offensive Multi-Agent System")  
  ![Pictorial representation of passwordless authentication. Futuristic cityscape with skyscrapers surrounded by glowing, neon-lit pathways and digital clouds. The sky is vibrant with pink and orange hues, giving a surreal, cyberpunk aesthetic.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/02_Cloud_cybersecurity_research_Overview_1920x900-786x368.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) March 23, 2026 [#### Google Cloud Authenticator: The Hidden Mechanisms of Passwordless Authentication](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/passwordless-authentication/)

* [Google](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/google/ "Google")

* [Google authenticator](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/google-authenticator/ "google authenticator")

* [Google Chrome](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/google-chrome/ "Google Chrome")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/passwordless-authentication/ "Google Cloud Authenticator: The Hidden Mechanisms of Passwordless Authentication")  
  ![Close-up of a black woman with glasses examining colorful computer code on a screen. The scene is illuminated by various lights, creating a focused and analytical atmosphere.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/13_Cloud_cybersecurity_research_Overview_1920x900-786x368.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) February 6, 2026 [#### Novel Technique to Detect Cloud Threat Actor Operations](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tracking-threat-groups-through-cloud-logging/)

* [API](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/api/ "API")

* [IAM](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/iam/ "IAM")

* [MITRE](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/mitre/ "MITRE")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tracking-threat-groups-through-cloud-logging/ "Novel Technique to Detect Cloud Threat Actor Operations")  
  ![Pictorial representation of Azure OpenAI DNS resolution issue. Futuristic cityscape illustration with luminous structures and floating cloud elements, showcasing advanced technology and a dynamic, digitally enhanced environment.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/02_DNS_Overview_1920x900-786x368.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) January 20, 2026 [#### DNS OverDoS: Are Private Endpoints Too Private?](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/dos-attacks-and-azure-private-endpoint/)

* [Microsoft Azure](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/microsoft-azure/ "Microsoft Azure")

* [Networking](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/networking/ "networking")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/dos-attacks-and-azure-private-endpoint/ "DNS OverDoS: Are Private Endpoints Too Private?")  
  ![Pictorial representation of cloud discovery with AzureHound. A digital representation of a cloud composed of blue light particles, superimposed over a blurred background of server racks in a data center.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/08_Cloud_cybersecurity_research_Overview_1920x900-786x368.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) October 24, 2025 [#### Cloud Discovery With AzureHound](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/threat-actor-misuse-of-azurehound/)

* [Control plane](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/control-plane/ "control plane")

* [Curious Serpens](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/curious-serpens/ "Curious Serpens")

* [Data plane](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/data-plane/ "data plane")  
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  ![Pictorial representation of a gift card fraud campaign. A glowing skull and crossbones on a circuit board.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/07_Cybercrime_Category_1920x900-786x368.jpg)  
  [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) October 22, 2025 [#### Jingle Thief: Inside a Cloud-Based Gift Card Fraud Campaign](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/cloud-based-gift-card-fraud-campaign/)

* [CL‑CRI‑1032](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cl-cri-1032/ "CL‑CRI‑1032")

* [Microsoft](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/microsoft/ "Microsoft")

* [Phishing](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/phishing/ "phishing")  
  [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/cloud-based-gift-card-fraud-campaign/ "Jingle Thief: Inside a Cloud-Based Gift Card Fraud Campaign")

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