[![Logo](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/PANW_Parent.png)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/) [![Unit42 Logo](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/unit42-logo-white.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/) Menu * [Tools](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tools/) * [ATOMs](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/atoms/) * [Security Consulting](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42) * [About Us](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/about-unit-42/) * [**Under Attack?**](https://start.paloaltonetworks.com/contact-unit42.html) * [Threat Research Center](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com "Threat Research") * [Threat Actor Groups](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-actor-groups/ "Threat Actor Groups") * [Malware](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/malware/ "Malware") [Malware](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/malware/) # Behind the Clouds: Attackers Targeting Governments in Southeast Asia Implement Novel Covert C2 Communication ![Clock Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-clock.svg) 7 min read Related Products [![Advanced WildFire icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/strata_RGB_logo_Icon_Color.png)Advanced WildFire](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/product-category/advanced-wildfire/ "Advanced WildFire")[![Cloud-Delivered Security Services icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/strata_RGB_logo_Icon_Color.png)Cloud-Delivered Security Services](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/product-category/cloud-delivered-security-services/ "Cloud-Delivered Security Services")[![Cortex icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/cortex_RGB_logo_Icon_Color.png)Cortex](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/product-category/cortex/ "Cortex")[![Cortex Cloud icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/cortex_RGB_logo_Icon_Color.png)Cortex Cloud](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/product-category/cortex-cloud/ "Cortex Cloud")[![Cortex XDR icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/cortex_RGB_logo_Icon_Color.png)Cortex XDR](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/product-category/cortex-xdr/ "Cortex XDR")[![Cortex XSIAM icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/cortex_RGB_logo_Icon_Color.png)Cortex XSIAM](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/product-category/cortex-xsiam/ "Cortex XSIAM")[![Unit 42 Incident Response icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/unit42_RGB_logo_Icon_Color.png)Unit 42 Incident Response](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/product-category/unit-42-incident-response/ "Unit 42 Incident Response") * ![Profile Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-profile-grey.svg) By: * [Lior Rochberger](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/author/lior-rochberger/) * ![Published Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-calendar-grey.svg) Published:July 14, 2025 * ![Tags Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-category.svg) Categories: * [Malware](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/malware/) * [Threat Actor Groups](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-actor-groups/) * ![Tags Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-tags-grey.svg) Tags: * [AWS](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/aws/) * [Backdoor](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/backdoor/) * [C2](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/c2/) * [CL-STA-1020](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cl-sta-1020/) * [DLL Sideloading](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/dll-sideloading/) * [Dropbox](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/dropbox/) * [Google Drive](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/google-drive/) * [Microsoft](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/microsoft/) * [Serverless](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/serverless/) * [![Download Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-download.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/windows-backdoor-for-novel-c2-communication/?pdf=download&lg=en&_wpnonce=64814e76fb "Click here to download") * [![Print Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-print.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/windows-backdoor-for-novel-c2-communication/?pdf=print&lg=en&_wpnonce=64814e76fb "Click here to print") Share![Down arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/down-arrow.svg) * ![Link Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-share-link.svg) * [![Link Email](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-sms.svg)](mailto:?subject=Behind%20the%20Clouds:%20Attackers%20Targeting%20Governments%20in%20Southeast%20Asia%20Implement%20Novel%20Covert%20C2%20Communication&body=Check%20out%20this%20article%20https%3A%2F%2Funit42.paloaltonetworks.com%2Fwindows-backdoor-for-novel-c2-communication%2F "Share in email") * [![Facebook Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-fb-share.svg)](https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Funit42.paloaltonetworks.com%2Fwindows-backdoor-for-novel-c2-communication%2F "Share in Facebook") * [![LinkedIn Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-linkedin-share.svg)](https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https%3A%2F%2Funit42.paloaltonetworks.com%2Fwindows-backdoor-for-novel-c2-communication%2F&title=Behind%20the%20Clouds:%20Attackers%20Targeting%20Governments%20in%20Southeast%20Asia%20Implement%20Novel%20Covert%20C2%20Communication "Share in LinkedIn") * [![Twitter Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-twitter-share.svg)](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Funit42.paloaltonetworks.com%2Fwindows-backdoor-for-novel-c2-communication%2F&text=Behind%20the%20Clouds:%20Attackers%20Targeting%20Governments%20in%20Southeast%20Asia%20Implement%20Novel%20Covert%20C2%20Communication "Share in Twitter") * [![Reddit Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-reddit-share.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com//www.reddit.com/submit?url=https%3A%2F%2Funit42.paloaltonetworks.com%2Fwindows-backdoor-for-novel-c2-communication%2F&ts=markdown "Share in Reddit") * [![Mastodon Icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-mastodon-share.svg)](https://mastodon.social/share?text=Behind%20the%20Clouds:%20Attackers%20Targeting%20Governments%20in%20Southeast%20Asia%20Implement%20Novel%20Covert%20C2%20Communication%20https%3A%2F%2Funit42.paloaltonetworks.com%2Fwindows-backdoor-for-novel-c2-communication%2F "Share in Mastodon") ## Executive Summary Since late 2024, Unit 42 researchers have been tracking a cluster of suspicious activity as CL-STA-1020, targeting governmental entities in Southeast Asia. The threat actors behind this cluster of activity have been collecting sensitive information from government agencies, including information about recent tariffs and trade disputes. This campaign is particularly noteworthy due to its novel tradecraft. The threat actors have developed a previously undocumented Windows backdoor, which we named HazyBeacon. This backdoor leverages AWS Lambda URLs as command and control (C2) infrastructure. AWS Lambda URLs are a feature of AWS Lambda that allows users to invoke serverless functions directly over HTTPS. This technique uses legitimate cloud functionality to hide in plain sight, creating a reliable, scalable and difficult-to-detect communication channel. In this analysis, we aim to provide security teams with the necessary insights to detect and mitigate this emerging threat, while contributing to the broader understanding of how attackers exploit cloud services for malicious purposes. Figure 1 shows the high-level execution flow of this attack. ![Illustration depicting the process of executing arbitrary commands through a Lambda URL endpoint with visual icons representing commands, payloads, balancing instructions, and downloading additional payloads.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/word-image-878280-146273-1.png) Figure 1. Execution flow of Lambda URL abuse. Palo Alto Networks customers are better protected from the threats described here through the following products and services: * [Advanced WildFire](https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/wildfire) * [Cortex XDR](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xdr) and [XSIAM](https://docs-cortex.paloaltonetworks.com/p/XSIAM) * [Cortex Cloud](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud) Organizations can gain help assessing cloud security posture through the [Unit 42 Cloud Security Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/datasheets/unit-42-cloud-security-assessment). If you think you might have been compromised or have an urgent matter, contact the [Unit 42 Incident Response team](https://start.paloaltonetworks.com/contact-unit42.html). | **Related Unit 42 Topics** | [**Backdoor**](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/backdoor/), **[AWS](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/aws/)** | |----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| ## Background During our investigation of activity cluster CL-STA-1020, we discovered a new, undocumented Windows backdoor that we named HazyBeacon. This backdoor leverages a novel C2 technique in which the backdoor establishes C2 communication via AWS Lambda URLs. This method was first [reported by Trellix](https://www.trellix.com/blogs/research/oneclik-a-clickonce-based-red-team-campaign-simulating-apt-tactics-in-energy-infrastructure/) in June 2025, in the context of an advanced persistent threat (APT) activity. Based on the threat actors' actions, it appears that the primary goal behind the attack is covert intelligence gathering. Specifically, they're collecting sensitive government data, including information related to recent trade disputes. The tactic of hiding in plain sight was further observed throughout the exfiltration phase of the attack, with the threat actor's use of legitimate services. The threat actor also used Google Drive and Dropbox as exfiltration channels, blending in with normal network traffic. ## Backdoor Through the Side Door During our investigation, we observed that the attackers leveraged DLL sideloading to deploy the HazyBeacon backdoor. They planted a malicious DLL in C:\\Windows\\assembly\\mscorsvc.dll, alongside a legitimate Windows executable, mscorsvw.exe. When mscorsvw.exe was triggered by its registered Windows service, it loaded the malicious replacement DLL instead of the legitimate Microsoft library. It then connected to the threat actor-controlled Lambda URL as shown in Figure 2 below. ![Diagram showing a cybersecurity threat process: "mscorsvw dot exe" sideloads "mscorsvc dot dll", which connects to an AWS Lambda URL, leading to executing arbitrary commands and downloading additional payloads.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/word-image-881439-146273-2.png) Figure 2. DLL sideloading of the HazyBeacon DLL. To establish persistence on the compromised Windows endpoint, the threat actor created a Windows service named msdnetsvc, which ensured that the HazyBeacon DLL would be loaded even after rebooting the system. Figure 3 below shows this command. ![Screenshot of a command-line instruction to create a new service named "Microsoft NET Service" using the sc.exe tool in a Windows environment.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/word-image-884901-146273-3.png) Figure 3. Service control command used to create the persistence. ## AWS Lambda URL Misuse [AWS Lambda](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/) is a serverless computing service that runs code in response to events without requiring server provisioning or management. AWS introduced [Lambda URLs](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws/announcing-aws-lambda-function-urls-built-in-https-endpoints-for-single-function-microservices/) in 2022 to extend this functionality by providing customers with a way to configure dedicated HTTPS endpoints for Lambda functions. These endpoints allow the functions to be invoked directly using standard web requests, without the need for complex API Gateway configurations. The manipulation of this service has several tactical advantages for threat actors. When put to malicious use, a Lambda function that a threat actor controls can operate as a dynamic C2 server that receives [beaconing requests](https://www.twingate.com/blog/glossary/beaconing) from compromised systems. ### Hiding Behind the Clouds Communication with AWS-hosted services that establish amazonaws\[.\]com domains is a common practice, due to legitimate business dependencies. Many newer AWS services and features that allow customers to configure infrastructure use DNS names like on.aws. However, threat actors often create their own AWS accounts or use compromised AWS accounts --- and the network services of these accounts --- to disguise their malicious operations. This can enable their malicious network actions to bypass traditional detection within enterprise environments. ## A Novel Approach to C2 The malicious DLL observed in the attack, mscorsvc.dll, established a C2 channel through an AWS Lambda URL. This essentially utilized a serverless architecture that allowed the attacker to blend their C2 traffic with legitimate AWS communications, in an attempt to evade traditional network detection. Once the malware started beaconing to the actor-controlled Lambda URL endpoint at \.lambda-url.ap-southeast-1.on\[.\]aws, it began receiving commands to execute and additional payloads to download. As a result, the malware downloaded and stored the payloads listed in Table 1 under C:\\ProgramData. |----------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | **File Path** | **Description** | | C:\\ProgramData\\7z.exe | Legitimate 7-Zip utility to archive files | | C:\\ProgramData\\igfx.exe | File collector | | C:\\ProgramData\\GoogleGet.exe | Connects to a Google Drive (using a given drive ID as an argument) and performs authentication | | C:\\ProgramData\\google.exe | Custom Google Drive file uploader | | C:\\ProgramData\\GoogleDrive.exe | Custom Google Drive file uploader | | C:\\ProgramData\\GoogleDriveUpload.exe | Custom Google Drive file uploader | | C:\\ProgramData\\Dropbox.exe | Custom Dropbox file uploader | Table 1. Payloads downloaded by HazyBeacon. Figure 4 shows the full execution flow, including the payloads listed above. ![Flowchart showing the process of using multiple tools to attribute data, including well-known entities such as GoogleDrive and Microsoft Teams, connected by various actions and decisions.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/word-image-887635-146273-4.png) Figure 4. Full execution flow of the attack. ## Collecting Data The first payload executed was igfx.exe --- the file collector. This tool receives a time range and file extensions as input, then creates a ZIP archive (named after the machine) containing all the collected files. Figure 5 shows this payload. ![Code snippet showing an EXE file and a date range along with various file types.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/word-image-891540-146273-5.png) Figure 5. Igfx.exe file collector payload. After creating the ZIP file, the attackers used 7z.exe to create several 200 MB-sized files from the ZIP, as shown in Figure 6. ![Code snippet for a 7-ZIP file to be a specified size.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/word-image-894918-146273-6.png) Figure 6. 7z.exe file storage payload. The attacker then conducted targeted reconnaissance, executing a search for documents related to the ongoing trade war, such as the search shown in Figure 7 below for "letter to US President on Tariffs measures." ![Command prompt screenshot showing a search for a PDF titled "Redacted Letter to US President on Tariffs Measures.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/word-image-897532-146273-7.png) Figure 7. Command to search for specific communications. ## Exfiltration The threat actors attempted to use multiple utilities for the purpose of exfiltrating the files collected from the compromised network. First, they used GoogleGet.exe to connect to their own Google Drive repository, giving the drive ID as an argument. Then, the threat actors used the utilities shown in Figure 8 to try to upload the files to Google Drive and Dropbox. All of these upload attempts were correctly flagged by the detection mechanism as malicious and were blocked. ![Text showing file paths for executable programs in Windows, including Google Drive and Dropbox, with all paths starting from the C: drive.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/word-image-900244-146273-8.png) Figure 8. Attempts to upload files to repositories. Following these exfiltration attempts, the attacker executed cleanup commands to remove evidence of their activities. They deleted the archive files they had created, along with all the payloads. ## Conclusion This research article details a new cluster of activity, tracked as CL-STA-1020, which targets government entities in Southeast Asia. This cluster took significant effort to remain undetected, hiding in plain sight. They also leveraged a novel technique for covert malware C2 communication via AWS Lambda function URLs. Our investigation also uncovered a previously undocumented Windows backdoor that we named HazyBeacon. The threat actors used HazyBeacon as the main tool for maintaining a foothold and collecting sensitive information from the affected governmental entities. The data exfiltration attempts leveraged legitimate cloud storage services, blending their activity with normal network traffic. This campaign highlights how attackers continue to find new ways to abuse legitimate, trusted cloud services. Security teams should prioritize enhanced monitoring of cloud resource usage. These teams should also develop detection strategies that can identify suspicious patterns of communication with trusted cloud services to better detect and prevent such attacks. ## Palo Alto Networks Protection and Mitigation Palo Alto Networks customers are better protected from the threats discussed above through the following products: * The [Advanced WildFire](https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/wildfire) machine-learning models and analysis techniques have been reviewed and updated in light of the indicators shared in this research. * [Cortex XDR](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xdr) and [XSIAM](https://docs-cortex.paloaltonetworks.com/p/XSIAM) customers are better protected against the threat mentioned in this article by the [Behavioral Threat Protection module that](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/products/secure-the-network/subscriptions/threat-prevention) detects and blocks the execution of processes with malicious behavior, [and](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/products/secure-the-network/subscriptions/threat-prevention) machine learning based Local Analysis module, which can prevent the execution of known and unknown malware * [Cortex Cloud](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud) customers are better protected from the topics discussed within this article through the proper placement of Cortex Cloud [XDR endpoint agent](https://docs-cortex.paloaltonetworks.com/r/Cortex-CLOUD/Cortex-Cloud-Runtime-Security-Documentation/Endpoint-protection) and [serverless agents](https://docs-cortex.paloaltonetworks.com/r/Cortex-XSIAM/Cortex-XSIAM-Premium-Documentation/Use-cases) within a cloud environment. Designed to protect a cloud's posture and runtime operations against these threats through the detection and prevention of the malicious operations or configuration alterations or exploitations discussed within this article. Organizations can gain help assessing cloud security posture through the [Unit 42 Cloud Security Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/datasheets/unit-42-cloud-security-assessment). If you think you might have been compromised or have an urgent matter, get in touch with the [Unit 42 Incident Response team](https://start.paloaltonetworks.com/contact-unit42.html) or call: * North America: Toll Free: +1 (866) 486-4842 (866.4.UNIT42) * UK: +44.20.3743.3660 * Europe and Middle East: +31.20.299.3130 * Asia: +65.6983.8730 * Japan: +81.50.1790.0200 * Australia: +61.2.4062.7950 * India: 00080005045107 Palo Alto Networks has shared these findings with our fellow Cyber Threat Alliance (CTA) members. CTA members use this intelligence to rapidly deploy protections to their customers and to systematically disrupt malicious cyber actors. Learn more about the [Cyber Threat Alliance](https://www.cyberthreatalliance.org). ## Indicators of Compromise * SHA256 hashes for the Lambda-URL backdoor (C:\\Windows\\assembly\\mscorsvc.dll) * 4931df8650521cfd686782919bda0f376475f9fc5f1fee9d7cf3a4e0d9c73e30 * SHA256 hashes for the Google Drive file uploader (C:\\ProgramData\\google.exe) * d20b536c88ecd326f79d7a9180f41a2e47a40fcf2cc6a2b02d68a081c89eaeaa * SHA256 hashes for the Google Drive file uploader (C:\\ProgramData\\GoogleDrive.exe) * 304c615f4a8c2c2b36478b693db767d41be998032252c8159cc22c18a65ab498 * SHA256 hashes for the Google Drive file uploader (C:\\ProgramData\\GoogleDriveUpload.exe) * f0c9481513156b0cdd216d6dfb53772839438a2215d9c5b895445f418b64b886 * SHA256 hashes for the Dropbox file uploader (C:\\ProgramData\\Dropbox.exe) * 3255798db8936b5b3ae9fed6292413ce20da48131b27394c844ecec186a1e92f * SHA256 hashes for the file collector (C:\\ProgramData\\igfx.exe) * 279e60e77207444c7ec7421e811048267971b0db42f4b4d3e975c7d0af7f511e * SHA256 hashes for the Google Drive connect tool (C:\\ProgramData\\GoogleGet.exe) * d961aca6c2899cc1495c0e64a29b85aa226f40cf9d42dadc291c4f601d6e27c3 ## Additional Resources * [How Drive protects your privacy \& keeps you in control](https://support.google.com/drive/answer/10375054) -- Google Drive Help * [OneClik: A ClickOnce-Based Red Team Campaign Simulating APT Tactics in Energy Infrastructure](https://www.trellix.com/blogs/research/oneclik-a-clickonce-based-red-team-campaign-simulating-apt-tactics-in-energy-infrastructure/) -- Blog, Trellix Back to top ### Tags * [AWS](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/aws/ "AWS") * [Backdoor](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/backdoor/ "backdoor") * [C2](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/c2/ "C2") * [CL-STA-1020](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cl-sta-1020/ "CL-STA-1020") * [DLL Sideloading](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/dll-sideloading/ "DLL Sideloading") * [Dropbox](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/dropbox/ "Dropbox") * [Google Drive](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/google-drive/ "Google Drive") * [Microsoft](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/microsoft/ "Microsoft") * [Serverless](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/serverless/ "serverless") [Threat Research Center](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com "Threat Research") [Next: Evolving Tactics of SLOW#TEMPEST: A Deep Dive Into Advanced Malware Techniques](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/slow-tempest-malware-obfuscation/ "Evolving Tactics of SLOW#TEMPEST: A Deep Dive Into Advanced Malware Techniques") ### Table of Contents * ### Related Articles * [Untracked Nightmares: The Threats Hiding Behind Commodity Infrastructure](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ppi-network-malware-campaign-analysis/ "article - table of contents") * [The State of AI-Enabled Malware August 2026: From Brand Abuse to Agentic Execution](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-enabled-malware-analysis/ "article - table of contents") * [TuxBot v3: Inside an IoT Botnet Framework With LLM-Assisted Development](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tuxbot-v3-evolution-iot-botnet/ "article - table of contents") ## Related Malware Resources ![Pictorial representation of post-exploitation identity misuse in SPIFFE/SPIRE. Close-up of a person wearing glasses, with computer code reflected in the lenses.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/12_Security-Technology_Category_1920x900-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) September 10, 2026 [#### The Machine With Many Faces: Post-Exploitation Identity Misuse in SPIFFE/SPIRE](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/kubernetes-spiffe-spire-identity-spoofing/) * [API](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/api/ "API") * [Cryptographic](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cryptographic/ "cryptographic") * [JSON](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/json/ "JSON") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/kubernetes-spiffe-spire-identity-spoofing/ "The Machine With Many Faces: Post-Exploitation Identity Misuse in SPIFFE/SPIRE") ![Pictorial representation of a pay-per-install threat group campaign prodiving infection service for spreading malware. A close-up of a computer circuit board with a central microchip is depicted. Red digital data streams in the form of glowing binary numbers and arrows appear to flow in and out of the chip, symbolizing data processing and transfer. The scene is illuminated with a futuristic blue and red glow.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/04_Malware_Category_1920x900-6-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) September 9, 2026 [#### Untracked Nightmares: The Threats Hiding Behind Commodity Infrastructure](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ppi-network-malware-campaign-analysis/) * [ARKTunnel](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/arktunnel/ "ARKTunnel") * [C2](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/c2/ "C2") * [CL-CRI-1171](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cl-cri-1171/ "CL-CRI-1171") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ppi-network-malware-campaign-analysis/ "Untracked Nightmares: The Threats Hiding Behind Commodity Infrastructure") ![Pictorial representation of attackers using AI tools to target Latin American organizations. A vibrant cityscape with silhouettes of numerous people walking along a bustling street. The scene is illuminated by bright urban lights and digital-like particles, creating a dynamic and futuristic atmosphere.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/AdobeStock_768915868-2-1-786x373.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) September 3, 2026 [#### Attackers Expose Ongoing AI Tool Use Targeting Organizations in Latin America](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-tool-use-targeting-latam-orgs/) * [Agentic AI](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/agentic-ai/ "Agentic AI") * [ChatGPT](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/chatgpt/ "ChatGPT") * [CL-CRI-1131](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cl-cri-1131/ "CL-CRI-1131") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-tool-use-targeting-latam-orgs/ "Attackers Expose Ongoing AI Tool Use Targeting Organizations in Latin America") ![Pictorial representation of vishing campaigns in Microsoft Teams. A digital image of a skull formed by blue binary code on a black background, with scattered ones and zeros and digital noise, symbolizes how stealthy prompt injection attacks can exploit AI logic to bypass security controls.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/01_Malware_Category_1920x900-5-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) August 31, 2026 [#### Spring Ring: An Inside Look at Voice Phishing Campaigns in Microsoft Teams](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/spring-ring-voice-phishing-campaigns/) * [Cloaked Ursa](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/cloaked-ursa/ "Cloaked Ursa") * [Entra ID](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/entra-id/ "Entra ID") * [Microsoft Teams](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/microsoft-teams/ "Microsoft Teams") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/spring-ring-voice-phishing-campaigns/ "Spring Ring: An Inside Look at Voice Phishing Campaigns in Microsoft Teams") ![Pictorial representation of AI-enabled malware. A vibrant digital interface displaying various icons and graphs, resembling a futuristic network or data analysis dashboard. The scene is illuminated with glowing lights and patterns.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/AdobeStock_1270203474-2-1-786x368.png) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) August 25, 2026 [#### The State of AI-Enabled Malware August 2026: From Brand Abuse to Agentic Execution](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-enabled-malware-analysis/) * [Backdoor](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/backdoor/ "backdoor") * [Bitcoin](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/bitcoin/ "Bitcoin") * [DLL hijacking](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/dll-hijacking/ "DLL hijacking") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-enabled-malware-analysis/ "The State of AI-Enabled Malware August 2026: From Brand Abuse to Agentic Execution") ![Pictorial representation of identity abuse through trusted communication channels. Close-up view of a digital screen displaying a glitched and pixelated image of a skull-like shape.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/02_Malware_Category_1920x900-2-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) August 20, 2026 [#### Identity Abuse Through Trusted Communication Channels](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/communication-channel-identity-risks/) * [Authentication](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/authentication/ "authentication") * [Identity theft](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/identity-theft/ "identity theft") * [Malware](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/malware/ "malware") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/communication-channel-identity-risks/ "Identity Abuse Through Trusted Communication Channels") ![Pictorial representation of Kimwolf botnet malware family. Digital screen with a warning sign reading "Malware." The background features lines of computer code and graphics, creating a sense of cybersecurity threat.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/07_Malware_Category_1920x900-3-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) August 11, 2026 [#### Kimwolf v7: An Evolution of the Kimwolf Botnet](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/kimwolf-v7-botnet-malware/) * [Android APK](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/android-apk/ "Android APK") * [Ethereum](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/ethereum/ "Ethereum") * [HTTP](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/http/ "HTTP") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/kimwolf-v7-botnet-malware/ "Kimwolf v7: An Evolution of the Kimwolf Botnet") ![Pictorial representatiom pf Aeternum's blockchain C2. A close-up of a computer circuit board with a central microchip is depicted. Red digital data streams in the form of glowing binary numbers and arrows appear to flow in and out of the chip. The scene is illuminated with a futuristic blue and red glow.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/04_Malware_Category_1920x900-4-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) August 10, 2026 [#### The Permanent Threat: Analyzing Aeternum's Blockchain-Based C2 Operations and Communications](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/aeternum-blockchain-c2-analysis/) * [Aeternum](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/aeternum/ "Aeternum") * [Infection chain](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/infection-chain/ "infection chain") * [JSON](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/json/ "JSON") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/aeternum-blockchain-c2-analysis/ "The Permanent Threat: Analyzing Aeternum’s Blockchain-Based C2 Operations and Communications") ![Pictorial representation of ChainDrop, a self-propagating npm worm. An artistic depiction of a digital workspace featuring an open laptop with a red virus on the screen.](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/03_Malware_Category_1920x900-7-786x368.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/top-threats.svg)High Profile Threats](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/top-cyberthreats/) August 6, 2026 [#### ChainDrop: Inside a Self-Propagating npm Worm](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/chaindrop-npm-worm-analysis/) * [Blockchain](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/blockchain/ "blockchain") * [ChainDrop](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/chaindrop/ "ChainDrop") * [Claude code](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/claude-code/ "Claude code") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/chaindrop-npm-worm-analysis/ "ChainDrop: Inside a Self-Propagating npm Worm") ![Pictorial representation of Token-jacking. A person types on a laptop with multiple digital interface elements projected, including an "AI" icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/AdobeStock_1246251272-2-786x369.jpg) [![category icon](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/icon-threat-research.svg)Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/category/threat-research/) August 6, 2026 [#### Token Jacking: Cybercriminals Could Be Stealing Your AI Resources](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-token-jacking/) * [AI API](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/ai-api/ "AI API") * [AI gateway](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/ai-gateway/ "AI gateway") * [API keys](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/tag/api-keys/ "API keys") [Read now ![Right arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-right-arrow-withtail.svg)](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-token-jacking/ "Token Jacking: Cybercriminals Could Be Stealing Your AI Resources") * ![Slider arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/slider-arrow-left.svg) * ![Slider arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/slider-arrow-left.svg) ![Close button](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/close-modal.svg) ![Enlarged Image]() ![Newsletter](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/unit42-footer-subscribe-desktop.png) ![UNIT 42 Small Logo](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/palo-alto-logo-small.svg) Get updates from Unit 42 ## Peace of mind comes from staying ahead of threats. Subscribe today. Your Email Subscribe for email updates to all Unit 42 threat research. By submitting this form, you agree to our [Terms of Use](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal-notices/terms-of-use "Terms of Use") and acknowledge our [Privacy Statement.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal-notices/privacy "Privacy Statement") This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google [Privacy Policy](https://policies.google.com/privacy) and [Terms of Service](https://policies.google.com/terms) apply. Invalid captcha! Subscribe ![Right Arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/right-arrow.svg) ![loader](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-loader.svg) {#footer} Products and Services * [AI-Powered Network Security Platform](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security) * [Secure AI by Design](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security) * [Prisma AIRS](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/prisma-airs) * [AI Access Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/ai-access-security) * [Cloud Delivered Security Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/security-subscriptions) * [Advanced Threat Prevention](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-threat-prevention) * [Advanced URL Filtering](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-url-filtering) * [Advanced WildFire](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-wildfire) * [Advanced DNS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-dns-security) * [Enterprise Data Loss Prevention](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/enterprise-data-loss-prevention) * [Enterprise IoT Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/enterprise-device-security) * [Medical IoT Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/medical-device-security) * [Industrial OT Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/ot-security-solution) * [SaaS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/saas-security) * [Next-Generation Firewalls](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/next-generation-firewall) * [Hardware Firewalls](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/hardware-firewall-innovations) * [Software Firewalls](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/software-firewalls) * [Strata Cloud Manager](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/strata-cloud-manager) * [SD-WAN for NGFW](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/sd-wan-subscription) * [PAN-OS](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/pan-os) * [Panorama](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/panorama) * [Secure Access Service Edge](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase) * [Prisma SASE](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase) * [Application Acceleration](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/app-acceleration) * [Autonomous Digital Experience Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/adem) * [Enterprise DLP](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/enterprise-data-loss-prevention) * [Prisma Access](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/access) * [Prisma Browser](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/prisma-browser) * [Prisma SD-WAN](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/sd-wan) * [Remote Browser Isolation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/remote-browser-isolation) * [SaaS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/saas-security) * [AI-Driven Security Operations Platform](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex) * [Cloud Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud) * [Cortex Cloud](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud) * [Application Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/application-security) * [Cloud Posture Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-posture-security) * [Cloud Runtime Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/runtime-security) * [Prisma Cloud](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/cloud) * [AI-Driven SOC](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex) * [Cortex XSIAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xsiam) * [Cortex XDR](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xdr) * [Cortex XSOAR](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xsoar) * [Cortex Xpanse](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xpanse) * [Unit 42 Managed Detection \& Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/managed-detection-and-response) * [Managed XSIAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/managed-xsiam) * [Next-Generation Identity Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira) * [Privileged Access Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/privileged-access-management) * [Identity and Access Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/identity-and-access-management) * [Endpoint Privilege Manager](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/endpoint-privilege-manager) * [Identity Governance](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/identity-governance) * [Workforce Password Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/workforce-password-management) * [Agentic Identities](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/agentic) * [Secrets Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine/secrets-management) * [Unified Secrets Governance](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine/unified-secrets-governance) * [Application Credentials Delivery](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine/application-credentials-delivery) * [Vendor Privileged Access](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/vendor-privileged-access) * [Threat Intel and Incident Response Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42) * [Proactive Assessments](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess) * [Incident Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond) * [Transform Your Security Strategy](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/transform) * [Discover Threat Intelligence](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/threat-intelligence-partners) Company * [About Us](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us) * [Careers](https://jobs.paloaltonetworks.com/en/) * [Contact Us](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/company/contact-sales) * [Corporate Responsibility](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us/corporate-responsibility) * [Customers](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/customers) * [Investor Relations](https://investors.paloaltonetworks.com/) * [Location](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us/locations) * [Newsroom](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/company/newsroom) Popular Links * [Blog](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/) * [Communities](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/communities) * [Content Library](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources) * [Cyberpedia](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia) * [Event Center](https://events.paloaltonetworks.com/) * [Manage Email Preferences](https://start.paloaltonetworks.com/preference-center) * [Products A-Z](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/products/products-a-z) * [Product Certifications](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal-notices/trust-center/certifications) * [Report a Vulnerability](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/security-disclosure) * [Sitemap](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sitemap) * [Tech Docs](https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/) * [Unit 42](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/) * [Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information](https://panwedd.exterro.net/portal/dsar.htm?target=panwedd) ![Palo Alto Networks Logo](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/pan-logo-dark.svg) * [Privacy](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal-notices/privacy) * [Trust Center](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal-notices/trust-center) * [Terms of Use](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal-notices/terms-of-use) * [Documents](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal) Copyright © 2026 Palo Alto Networks. All Rights Reserved * [![Youtube](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/social/youtube-black.svg)](https://www.youtube.com/user/paloaltonetworks) * [![Podcast](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/icons/podcast.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/podcasts/threat-vector) * [![Facebook](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/social/facebook-black.svg)](https://www.facebook.com/PaloAltoNetworks/) * [![LinkedIn](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/social/linkedin-black.svg)](https://www.linkedin.com/company/palo-alto-networks) * [![Twitter](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/social/twitter-x-black.svg)](https://twitter.com/PaloAltoNtwks) * EN Select your language ![Play](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/player-play-icon.svg) ![Pause](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/player-pause-icon1.svg) ![Minimize](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-minimize.svg) ![Close button](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/close-modal.svg) ### Default Heading Read the article ![Right Arrow](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/right-arrow.svg) Seekbar ![Play](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/player-play-icon.svg) ![Pause](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/player-pause-icon1.svg) ![Volume](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-volume.svg) Volume ![Minimize](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/wp-content/themes/unit42-v6/dist/images/icons/icon-minimize.svg)